Sprinklers, hydraulics, fire pumps, hydrants, standpipes and special systems — practical NFPA and EN design notes.
What the wet chemical system over a commercial cooking line does, and the gas, power, fire alarm and pull station interfaces the MEP designer owns.
Kitchen Hood Wet Chemical Systems: Design Basics Read More »
A field method for checking ducts, pipes, beams and lights around sprinkler heads: the three-times rule, the beam rule and the 1.2 m wide-obstruction rule.
Sprinkler Obstruction Rules: A Quick Field Guide Read More »
Select DCVA or RPZ, read the loss at demand flow, lay out valves, relief drain and test connection, and see how 6 psi can turn a pass into a fail.
Backflow Preventers on Fire Lines: Losses and Layout Read More »
A dry riser waits for the fire service pump; a wet riser has its own tank and pumps. How each works, which height needs which, and the NFPA 14 equivalents.
Wet Riser vs Dry Riser: Which Building Needs Which Read More »
EN 671 defines the hose reel product; NFPA 14 defines the whole system. What each covers, how coverage and pressure differ, and a layout that satisfies both.
Fire Hose Cabinets and Hose Valves: EN 671 vs NFPA 14 Read More »
Net volume = (sprinkler + hose) × duration: a worked OH2 example, minimum volumes for every hazard class and the extras that make up the gross tank size.
Fire Water Tank Sizing: Sprinklers plus Hose Streams Read More »
The ESFR limits to check before the specification is written: design basis, clearance, ceiling height, spacing and the warehouse conditions where ESFR fails.
ESFR Sprinklers: Quick Rules Before You Specify Them Read More »
How to pick K5.6, K8.0 or K11.2 from the density and spacing: one formula, one worked OH2 example and a pressure table for every hazard class.
Choosing the Sprinkler K-Factor Read More »
What Class I, II and III standpipes mean in NFPA 14, who uses them, the 500 + 250 gpm demand rule, 100 psi outlet pressure, outlet locations and pressure limits.
Standpipe Classes I, II and III Explained Read More »
Maximum hanger spacing for sprinkler pipe, unsupported end and armover limits, and a worked hanger load check using 5 × water-filled weight + 115 kg.
Sprinkler Pipe Hanger Spacing and Support Rules Read More »